ARTICLE –
abstractImpact
of energy intake and balance on the athletic performance and health of top
female volleyball athletes Sophia D Papadopoulou Laboratory
of Coaching and Sport Performance, Department of Physical Education
& Sports Science, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Greece
Abstract
The
aim of the study was to examine the impact of adequate energy intake
and energy balance on the athletic performance and health of top female
volleyball (VB) athletes. Female VB athletes present energy needs at an
average of 50% higher than basal metabolic requirements, with a daily
energy expenditure of 2400-4200 kcal (10.080-17.640 kJ). A high-level
female VB player, needs about 37.5-50 kcal/kg of body weight (BW) on a
daily basis, rising by 20-50% during high intensity training and
competitive seasons. The athletic dietary intake should contain 58-60%
carbohydrates (CHO), 15-16% proteins and 25-28% fat. More specifically,
6-10g/kg BW carbohydrates, 1.4-2g/kg BW proteins and 1.7-2.4g/kg BW fat
are recommended. Even though micro-nutrients are not a source of
energy, they play a significant role in its production. Studies on
selected female VB athletes have demonstrated inadequate dietary energy
intake, with deficiencies in macro-nutrients (CHO) and micro-nutrients
(vitamins C, D, Ca, Iron, Zinc, Mg). Female athletes with long-lasting
energy deficiencies are at risk for muscle mass loss, increase of
injuries, reduction of basal metabolism, high fatigue, female athletic
triad syndrome etc. Preventing and treating inadequate muscle fuelling
through a well-balanced diet is highly significant. In conclusion, the
lack of appropriate energy availability has negative consequences on
female athletes‟ both athletic performance and health, particularly in
adolescent girl athletes. Dietary guidance and further education of
elite female VB athletes is imperative, in order to optimize their
athletic performance and protect their overall health status.
Key
words:volleyball,
top athletes, female, energy intake, energy balance, performance, health
Full
article:
Impact of energy intake and
balance on the athletic performance and health of top female
volleyball athletes
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