APPLIED
EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGYPHYSIOLOGICAL
ISSUES OF EXERTION
IN ATHLETES
Derevenco
P
Romanian
Academy of
Medical Sciences-Branch of Cluj, Romania
This review has a double aim:
to report the main trends of applied physiology in sport and to
summarize the research performed by our team in this topic. In the
first part of the review are outlined the prevailing areas (mechanisms,
oxidative stress, genetic factors, doping, etc.) and its methods
(cerebral imagery, Holter, telemetry, hormonal and electrophysiological
procedures, inventories and questionnaires) specific cardiovascular and
endocrine stress-syndromes and elements of psychosomatics, sudden
cardiac death (from its causes to prevention) among young athletes,
pathophysiological psychoneuroendocrine and systemic consequences of
doping, relationship between acute or chronic stress and cardiac
pathology, strategies to prevent and manage sport-related psychosocial
and environmental factors (identification, increase of organism's
resistance, psychotherapy and medication, stress inoculation).The
second section mentions briefly our researches made from the 60th till
present-day (4 books and over 30 articles). The experimental works
belonged to vascular changes in the endocrine organs and to the
cardiovascular reactions in exercise, studied on rats, to
pharmacological effects on exercise and to ACTH blood level in exerting
dogs and to exercise performance in 6-hydroxidopamine sympatectomized
rats. As concerns human subjects the paper reports the cardiovascular
and metabolic adaptation to exercise and to pharmacological stress, the
ACTH blood levels on untrained, trained and over trained persons, the
exercise performance in divers in a hyperbaric environment, the
physiological characteristics of overtraining, the blood levels
of electrolytes and hormones and specific features of
exercise stress and some peculiarities of psychosomatics related
morbidity in athletes and frequency of streptococci infection of the
upper respiratory tract among elite sportsmen. Last but not least a
prediction till 2010 of some top athletic performances (WR) is
proposed. In conclusion the leading role of physiological research for
the sport science is underlined.
